The Administration of Iron Supplements for Anemia Prevention in Pregnant Women: Scoping Review
Abstract
Background: Bleeding after childbirth is the primary cause of death as a result of anemia. Typically, anemia occurs due to iron deficiency. Consequently, it is necessary to consume iron to prevent anemia. The administration of iron and folic acid supplementations effectively increases hemoglobin levels, and it is essential to conduct an anemia prevention articles review. Objective: To analyze the administration of iron supplements for anemia prevention in pregnant women. Method: Scoping review with the PRISMA-ScR framework using relevant databases, including Pubmed, ProQuest, and Ebsco. Critical Appraisal was conducted with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Results: The search results obtained 352 articles, with the final result of ten articles that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Six articles were from developed countries, and four articles were from developing countries, which were obtained in different ways: the quasi-experimental (two articles), Randomized Controlled Trial (six articles), Cohort (one article), and Cross-sectional (one article). There were two themes related to the articles found: the effectiveness and impact of consuming Fe supplements.
Abstrak: Perdarahan dalam persalinan merupakan penyebab kematian nomor 1, perdarahan disebabkan oleh anemia. Umumnya anemia terjadi karena kekurangan zat besi sehingga perlunya konsumsi zat besi untuk mencegah anemia. Pemberian suplementasi zat besi dan asam folat efektiv meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin oleh karena itu penting dilakukan review artikel untuk pencegahan anemia. Tujuan : Menganalisis pemberian tablet zat besi untuk pencegahan anemia pada ibu hamil. Metode : Scooping review ini menggunakan framework PRISMA-ScR menggunakan database yang relevan diantaranya Pubmed, ProQuest, dan Ebsco. Critical Apprasial menggunakan tools Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil dari pencarian didapatkan 352 artikel jurnal dengan hasil akhir 10 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Artikel tersebut berasal dari negara maju 6 artikel dan 4 artikel dari negara berkembang. Menggunakan metode Quasi eksperimen 2 artikel, 6 artikel Randomize Controlled Trial, 1 artikel Cohort, dan artikel Crossectional. Didapatkan dua tema terkait artikel yang didapatkan yaitu efektivitas dan dampak dari konsumsi tablet Fe. Kesimpulan: Suplementasi zat besi pada ibu hamil efektif meningkatkan konsentrasi hemoglobin (HB) yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan ibu dan janin. Konsumsi suplementasi zat besi menimbulkan efek samping seperti rasa tidak nyaman di ulu hati, diare, sembelit, mual dan muntah. Efek samping tersebut yang membuat ibu hamil tidak patuh dalam konsumsi zat besi. Selama konsumsi suplementasi perlu diimbangi dengan makanan atau minuman yang tidak mempengaruhi penyerapan besi, hindari minuman seperti teh dan kopi.
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References
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