Secondary Data Analysis of Indonesian Doctors Distribution In 2021
Abstract
Health workers are a priority in achieving health development goals. The uneven distribution of doctors has resulted in the low quality of health services in several areas. The purpose of this research is to analyze the distribution of doctors in Indonesia. The research method used in this article is a quantitative descriptive method using secondary data from the 2021 Indonesia Health Profile. The variables in this study are the number of doctors (doctors and specialists) working in Indonesia, the population of each province, population density, percentage of population poor, the number of health centers and the number of hospitals. There is considerable variability in the number of doctors in Indonesia. The highest number of doctors was in West Java Province with 20,226 people. Meanwhile, the lowest number of doctors in West Sulawesi Province was only 380 people. The average number of doctors in each province in Indonesia is 4,311 people. West Java is the province with the highest number of doctors and has the largest population, namely 48,782,400 people. The smallest population is in North Kalimantan Province. The presence of doctors in remote or underdeveloped areas helps overcome the problem of inequality in access to health services. The results of the study concluded that the distribution of doctors in the country was influenced by several factors such as population size, population density, number of hospitals and number of Community Health Centers, which were positively related to the number of doctors.
Abstrak: Tenaga kesehatan menjadi prioritas dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan kesehatan. Distribusi dokter yang tidak merata menyebabkan rendahnya kualitas pelayanan kesehatan di beberapa wilayah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis distribusi dokter di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2021. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah dokter (dokter dan dokter spesialis) yang bekerja di Indonesia, jumlah penduduk tiap provinsi, kepadatan penduduk, persentase penduduk miskin, jumlah puskesmas dan jumlah rumah sakit. Terdapat variabilitas yang cukup besar pada jumlah dokter di Indonesia. Jumlah dokter terbanyak berada di Provinsi Jawa Barat sebanyak 20,226 orang. Sedangkan, jumlah dokter terendah di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat hanya 380 orang. Rata-rata jumlah dokter di setiap provinsi di Indonesia sebanyak 4,311 orang. Jawa Barat merupakan provinsi dengan jumlah dokter terbanyak yang dan memiliki jumlah populasi terbanyak, yaitu 48,782,400 jiwa. Jumlah populasi paling sedikit terdapat di Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Kehadiran dokter di daerah terpencil atau tertinggal membantu mengatasi masalah ketimpangan akses pelayanan kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa distribusi dokter di dalam negeri dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti jumlah penduduk, kepadatan penduduk, jumlah rumah sakit dan jumlah puskesmas, yang berhubungan positif dengan jumlah dokter.
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