Analysis of the relationship between the health belief model to bse behavior in women of reproductive age

Abstract

Breast cancer is a serious and frightening threat to women. Breast self-examination (BSE) is a healthy behavior for detecting breast cancer. However in reality, awareness of performing BSE is still lacking. In fact, many women seek healthcare facilities when breast cancer has reached an advanced stage. According to the Health Belief Model (HBM), healthy behavior can be determined by perceptions of severity, susceptibility, benefits, and barriers. Therefore, the HBM theory can identify perceptions supporting women’s behavior change. This study aims to determine the relationship between perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers to BSE behavior in women of reproductive age in the Wirogunan Sub-District. This study used an analytic cross-sectional design. This research was conducted in February-March 2023. Subjects were selected using the cluster sampling technique as many as 94 women of reproductive age. The results showed that 59.6% of the respondents did not do BSE. The results of data analysis using Chi Square showed that there was no relationship between the perceived severity of BSE behavior with a p-value of 0.77 more than 0.05, there was no relationship between the perceived susceptibility to BSE behavior with a p-value of 0.64 more than 0.05, there was a relationship between the perceived benefits of BSE behavior with a p-value of 0.02 less than 0.05, there was a relationship between perceived barriers to BSE behavior with a p-value of 0.00 less than 0.05. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between perceived benefits and perceived barriers to BSE behavior.

Abstrak: Kanker payudara merupakan ancaman serius dan menakutkan bagi kaum wanita. Pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) merupakan perilaku hidup sehat untuk mendeteksi kanker payudara. Tetapi dalam kenyataannya kesadaran untuk melakukan SADARI masih kurang, faktanya masih banyak wanita yang datang ke fasilitas kesehatan dalam keadaan stadium lanjut kanker payudara. Menurut teori Health Belief Model (HBM), perilaku sehat dapat ditentukan oleh persepsi keseriusan, kerentanan, manfaat dan hambatan. Oleh karena itu teori HBM ini dapat mengetahui persepsi yang dapat mendukung perubahan perilaku pada wanita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan persepsi keseriusan, persepsi kerentanan, persepsi manfaat, persepsi hambatan terhadap perilaku SADARI pada wanita usia subur di Kelurahan Wirogunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional analitik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-Maret 2023. Subjek dipilih menggunakan Teknik cluster sampling sebanyak 94 wanita usia subur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebanyak 59,6% responden tidak melakukan SADARI. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Chi Square menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara persepsi keseriusan terhadap perilaku SADARI dengan nilai p-value 0,77 lebih dari 0,05, tidak ada hubungan antara persepsi kerentanan terhadap perilaku SADARI dengan nilai p-value 0,64 lebih dari 0,05, ada hubungan antara persepsi manfaat terhadap perilaku SADARI dengan nilai p-value 0,02 kurang dari 0,05, ada hubungan antara persepsi hambatan terhadap perilaku SADARI dengan nilai p-value 0,00 kurang dari 0,05. Kesimpulannya terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi manfaat dan persepsi hambatan terhadap perilaku SADARI.